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Section 39 - Indian Penal Code, 1860
Indian Penal Code, 1860
39. "Voluntarily"
A person is said to cause an effect "voluntarily" when he causes it by means whereby he intended to cause it, or by means which, at the time of employing, those means, he knew or had reason to believe to be likely to cause it.
Illustration
A sets fire, by night, to-an inhabited house in a large town, for the purpose of facilitating a robbery and thus causes the death of a person. Here, A may not have intended to cause death; and may even be sorry that death has been caused by his act; yet, if he knew that he was likely to cause death, he has caused death voluntarily.
Related Sections
- Section 101: When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
- Section 458: Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night after preparation for hurt, assault, or wrongful restraint
- Section 421: Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
- Section 330: Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
- Section 393: Attempt to commit robbery
Related Acts
* Only for reference.