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Section 4 - Indian Evidence Act, 1872
Indian Evidence Act, 1872
4. "May presume"
Whenever it is provided by this Act that Court may presume a fact, it may either regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved, or may call for proof of it:
"Shall presume" – Whenever it s directed by this Act that the Court shall presume a fact, it shall regard such fact as proved, unless and until it disproved;
"Conclusive proof" – When one fact is declared by this Act to be conclusive proof of another, the Court shall, on proof of the one fact, regard the other as proved, and shall not allow evidence to be given for the purpose of disproving it.
Related Sections
- Section 146: Questions lawful in cross-examination
- Section 139: Cross-examination of person called to produce a document
- Section 150: Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds
- Section 24: Confession caused by inducement, threat or promise when irrelevant in criminal proceedings
- Section 64: Proof of documents by primary evidence
Related Acts
* Only for reference.