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Section 4 - Indian Evidence Act, 1872
Indian Evidence Act, 1872
4. "May presume"
Whenever it is provided by this Act that Court may presume a fact, it may either regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved, or may call for proof of it:
"Shall presume" – Whenever it s directed by this Act that the Court shall presume a fact, it shall regard such fact as proved, unless and until it disproved;
"Conclusive proof" – When one fact is declared by this Act to be conclusive proof of another, the Court shall, on proof of the one fact, regard the other as proved, and shall not allow evidence to be given for the purpose of disproving it.
Related Sections
- Section 9: Facts necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts
- Section 93: Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document
- Section 61: Proof of contents of documents
- Section 23: Admission in civil cases relevant
- Section 86: Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records
Related Acts
* Only for reference.