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The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Select a section
1 - Short title, commencement and application
2 - Definitions
3 - General explanations
4 - Punishments
5 - Commutation of sentence
6 - Fractions of terms of punishment
7 - Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
8 - Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc
9 - Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
10 - Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
11 - Solitary confinement
12 - Limit of solitary confinement
13 - Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
14 - Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
15 - Act of Judge when acting judiciall
16 - Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
17 - Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
18 - Accident in doing a lawful act
19 - Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
20 - Act of a child under seven years of age
21 - Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
22 - Act of a person of unsound mind
23 - Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
24 - Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
25 - Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
26 - Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit
27 - Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
28 - Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
29 - Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
30 - Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
31 - Communication made in good faith
32 - Act to which a person is compelled by threats
33 - Act causing slight harm
34 - Things done in private defence
35 - Right of private defence of body and of property
36 - Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc
37 - Acts against which there is no right of private defence
38 - When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
39 - When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
40 - Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
41 - When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
42 - When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
43 - Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
44 - Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
45 - Abetment of a thing
46 - Abettor
47 - Abetment in India of offences outside India
48 - Abetment outside India for offence in India
49 - Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
50 - Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
51 - Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
52 - Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
53 - Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
54 - Abettor present when offence is committed
55 - Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
56 - Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
57 - Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
58 - Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
59 - Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
60 - Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
61 - Criminal conspiracy
62 - Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
63 - Rape
64 - Punishment for rape
65 - Punishment for rape in certain cases
66 - Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
67 - Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
68 - Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
69 - Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc
70 - Gang rape
71 - Punishment for repeat offenders
72 - Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc
73 - Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
74 - Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
75 - Sexual harassment
76 - Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
77 - Voyeurism
78 - Stalking
79 - Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
80 - Dowry death
81 - Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
82 - Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
83 - Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
84 - Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman
85 - Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty
86 - Cruelty defined
87 - Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc
88 - Causing miscarriage
89 - Causing miscarriage without woman's consent
90 - Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
91 - Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
92 - Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
93 - Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
94 - Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
95 - Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
96 - Procuration of child
97 - Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
98 - Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc
99 - Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
100 - Culpable homicide
101 - Murder
102 - Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
103 - Punishment for murder
104 - Punishment for murder by life-convict
105 - Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
106 - Causing death by negligence
107 - Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
108 - Abetment of suicide
109 - Attempt to murder
110 - Attempt to commit culpable homicide
111 - Organised crime
112 - Petty Organized crime
113 - Terrorist act
114 - Hurt
115 - Voluntarily causing hurt
116 - Grievous hurt
117 - Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
118 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
119 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
120 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
121 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
122 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation
123 - Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
124 - Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc
125 - Act Endangering life or personal safety of others
126 - Wrongful restraint
127 - Wrongful confinement
128 - Force
129 - Criminal force
130 - Assault
131 - Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
132 - Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
133 - Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonor person, otherwise than on grave provocation
134 - Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
135 - Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
136 - Assault or criminal force on grave provocation
137 - Kidnapping
138 - Abduction
139 - Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging
140 - Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc
141 - Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
142 - Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
143 - Trafficking of person
144 - Exploitation of a trafficked person
145 - Habitual dealing in slaves
146 - Unlawful compulsory labour
147 - Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
148 - Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
149 - Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
150 - Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
151 - Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
152 - Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
153 - Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
154 - Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
155 - Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
156 - Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
157 - Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
158 - Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
159 - Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
160 - Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
161 - Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
162 - Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
163 - Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
164 - Harbouring deserter
165 - Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
166 - Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
167 - Persons subject to certain Acts
168 - Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
169 - Candidate, electoral right defined
170 - Bribery
171 - Undue influence at elections
172 - Personation at elections
173 - Punishment for bribery
174 - Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
175 - False statement in connection with an election
176 - Illegal payments in connection with an election
177 - Failure to keep election accounts
178 - Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
179 - Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
180 - Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
181 - Making or Possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
182 - Making or Using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
183 - Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
184 - Using Government stamp known to have been before used
185 - Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
186 - Prohibition of Fictitious stamps
187 - Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
188 - Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
189 - Unlawful assembly
190 - Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
191 - Rioting
192 - Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed
193 - Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place
194 - Affray
195 - Assaulting or Obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc
196 - Promoting Enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony
197 - Imputations, Assertions prejudicial to national integration
198 - Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
199 - Public servant disobeying direction under law
200 - Punishment for nontreatment of victim
201 - Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
202 - Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
203 - Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
204 - Personating a public servant
205 - Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
206 - Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding
207 - Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
208 - Nonattendance in obedience to an order from public servant
209 - Nonappearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
210 - Omission to Produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
211 - Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
212 - Furnishing False information
213 - Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
214 - Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
215 - Refusing to sign statement
216 - False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
217 - False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
218 - Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
219 - Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
220 - Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
221 - Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
222 - Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
223 - Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
224 - Threat of injury to public servant
225 - Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
226 - Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
227 - Giving false evidence
228 - Fabricating false evidence
229 - Punishment for false evidence
230 - Giving or Fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
231 - Giving or Fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
232 - Threatening any person to give false evidence
233 - Using evidence known to be false
234 - Issuing or signing false certificate
235 - Using as true a Certificate known to be false
236 - False Statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
237 - Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
238 - Causing Disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
239 - Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
240 - Giving false information respecting an offence committed
241 - Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
242 - False Personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
243 - Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
244 - Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
245 - Fraudulently Suffering decree for sum not due
246 - Dishonestly making false claim in Court
247 - Fraudulently Obtaining decree for sum not due
248 - False charge of offence made with intent to injure
249 - Harbouring offender
250 - Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
251 - Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
252 - Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc
253 - Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
254 - Penalty for Harbouring robbers or dacoits
255 - Public servant Disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
256 - Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
257 - Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law
258 - Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law
259 - Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend
260 - Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed
261 - Escape from Confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
262 - Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
263 - Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
264 - Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
265 - Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
266 - Violation of condition of remission of punishment
267 - Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
268 - Personation of assessor
269 - Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
270 - Public nuisance
271 - Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
272 - Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
273 - Disobedience to quarantine rule
274 - Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
275 - Sale of noxious food or drink
276 - Adulteration of drugs
277 - Sale of adulterated drugs
278 - Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
279 - Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
280 - Making Atmosphere noxious to health
281 - Rash driving or riding on a public way
282 - Rash navigation of vessel
283 - Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
284 - Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
285 - Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
286 - Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
287 - Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
288 - Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance
289 - Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
290 - Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc
291 - Negligent conduct with respect to animal
292 - Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
293 - Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
294 - Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
295 - Sale, etc., of Obscene objects to child
296 - Obscene acts and songs
297 - Keeping lottery office
298 - Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
299 - Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
300 - Disturbing Religious assembly
301 - Trespassing on burial places, etc
302 - Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
303 - Theft
304 - Snatching
305 - Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc
306 - Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master
307 - Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
308 - Extortion
309 - Robbery
310 - Dacoity
311 - Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
312 - Attempt to Commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
313 - Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc
314 - Dishonest Misappropriation of property
315 - Dishonest Misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
316 - Criminal breach of trust
317 - Stolen property
318 - Cheating
319 - Cheating by personation
320 - Dishonest or Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
321 - Dishonestly or Fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
322 - Dishonest or Fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration
323 - Dishonest or Fraudulent removal or concealment of property
324 - Mischief
325 - Mischief by killing or maiming animal
326 - Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc
327 - Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
328 - Punishment for Intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc
329 - Criminal trespass and house-trespass
330 - House-trespass and housebreaking
331 - Punishment for house-trespass or housebreaking
332 - House-trespass in order to commit offence
333 - House-trespass After preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
334 - Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
335 - Making a false document
336 - Forgery
337 - Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc
338 - Forgery of Valuable security, will, etc
339 - Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
340 - Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
341 - Making or Possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
342 - Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
343 - Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
344 - Falsification of accounts
345 - Property mark
346 - Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
347 - Counterfeiting a property mark
348 - Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
349 - Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
350 - Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
351 - Criminal intimidation
352 - Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
353 - Statements conducing to public mischief
354 - Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
355 - Misconduct in public by a drunken person
356 - Defamation
357 - Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
358 - Repeal and savings
